UGA Stratigraphy Lab

The data is in the strata

Faunal References

A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | R | S | T | U | V | W

A

Adamczyk, A.D., and J.F. Pachut, 2013. Cladistic analysis of the Paleooic bryozoan families Monticuliporidae and Mesotrypidae. Journal of Paleontology 87:635–649.

Alberstadt, L. P., 1979. The brachiopod genus Platystrophia. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 1066-B:1–20.

Amsden, T.W., 1973. Late Ordovician and Early Silurian articulate brachiopods from Oklahoma, southwestern Illinois, and eastern Missouri. Bulletin of the Oklahoma Geological Survey 19:1–154.

Anstey, R.L., and J.F. Pachut, 2004. Cladistic and phenetic recognition of species in the Ordovician bryozoan genus Peronopora. Journal of Paleontology 78:651–674.

Anstey, R.L., and T.G. Perry, 1972. Eden Shale bryozoans: a numerical study (Ordovician, Ohio Valley). Michigan State University Publications of the Museum, Paleontological Series, v. 1, 80 p.

Anstey, R.L., and M.A. Wilson, 1996. Phylum Bryozoa. In R.M. Feldman and M. Hackathorn (eds.), Fossils of Ohio. Ohio Division of Geological Survey Bulletin 70, p. 196–209.

Ausich, W.I., 1996. Phylum Echinodermata. In R.M. Feldman and M. Hackathorn (eds.), Fossils of Ohio. Ohio Division of Geological Survey Bulletin 70, p. 242–261.

B

Babcock, L.E., 1996a. Phylum Porifera, stromatoporoids. In R.M. Feldman and M. Hackathorn (eds.), Fossils of Ohio. Ohio Division of Geological Survey Bulletin 70, p. 64–65.

Babcock, L.E., 1996b. Phylum Conulariida. In R.M. Feldman and M. Hackathorn (eds.), Fossils of Ohio. Ohio Division of Geological Survey Bulletin 70, p. 66–69.

Babcock, L.E., 1996c. Phylum Cnidaria. In R.M. Feldman and M. Hackathorn (eds.), Fossils of Ohio. Ohio Division of Geological Survey Bulletin 70, p. 70–89.

Babcock, L.E., 1996d. Phylum Arthropoda, Class Trilobita. In R.M. Feldman and M. Hackathorn (eds.), Fossils of Ohio. Ohio Division of Geological Survey Bulletin 70, p. 90–113.

Bassler, R.S., 1905. The structural features of the bryozoan genus Homotrypa, with descriptions of species from the Cincinnatian Group. Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum 26:565–598.

Bassler, R.S., 1906. A study of the James types of Ordovician and Silurian bryozoa. Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum 30:1–66.

Bassler, R.S., and B. Kellett, 1934. Bibliographic index of Paleozoic ostracoda. Geological Society of America Special Papers No. 1., 500 p.

Bell, B. M., 1976. A study of North American Edrioasteroidea. Memoirs New York State Museum Science Service 21:1–447.

Bell, B. M., 1979. Edrioasteroids (Echinodermata). United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 1066-E:1–7.

Berdan, J. M., 1984. Leperditicopiid ostracodes from Ordovician rocks of Kentucky and nearby states and characteristic features of the order Leperditicopoda. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 1066-J:1–40.

Bergström, S.M., 1996a. Phylum Hemichordata, Class Graptolithina. In R.M. Feldman and M. Hackathorn (eds.), Fossils of Ohio. Ohio Division of Geological Survey Bulletin 70, p. 270–281.

Bergström, S.M., 1996b. Tentaculitoids. In R.M. Feldman and M. Hackathorn (eds.), Fossils of Ohio. Ohio Division of Geological Survey Bulletin 70, p. 282–287.

Bergström, S. M., and C. E. Mitchell, 1986. The graptolite correlation of the North American Upper Ordovician standard. Lethaia 19:247–266.

Bergström, S. M., and W.C. Sweet, 1966. Conodonts from the Lexington Limestone (Middle Ordovician) of Kentucky, and its lateral equivalents in Ohio and Indiana. Bulletins of American Paleontology 50: 271–441.

Berry, W. B. N., 1966. Orthograptus truncatus richmondensis (Ruedeman) in the Arnheim Formation (Ordovician) in Indiana. Journal of Paleontology 40:1392–1394.

Blackwell, W.H., J.H. Marak, and M.J. Powell, 1982. The identity and reproductive structures of a misplaced Solenopora (Rhodophycophyta) from the Ordovician of southwestern Ohio and eastern Indiana. Journal of Phycology 18:477–482.

Blackwell, W.H., J.H. Marak, M.J. Powell, and W.D. Martin, 1984. Girvanella (Cyanochloronta) in an Ordovician oncolite zone in eastern Indiana. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 111:165–170.

Blake, D.B., 2007. Two Late Ordovician asteroids (Echionodermata) with characters suggestive of early ophiuroids. 81:1476–1485.

Blake, D.B., and T.E. Guensburg, 1994. Predation by the Ordovician asteroid Promopalaeaster on a pelecypod. Lethaia 27:235–239.

Boardman, R.S., 1960. A revision of the Ordovician bryozoan genera Batostoma, Anaphragma, and Amplexopora. Smithsonian Miscellanous Collections 140:1–28.

Boardman, R.S., A.H. Cheetham, D.B. Blake, J. Utgaard, O.L. Karklins, P.L. Cook, P.A. Sandberg, G. Lutaud, and T.S. Wood, 1983. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part G, Bryozoa. Volume 1: Introductio, Order Cystoporata, Order Cryptostomata. Geological Society of America, Boulder, Colorado, 625 p.

Bodenbender, B.E., M.A. Wilson, and T.J. Palmer, 1989. Paleoecology of Sphenothallus on an Upper Ordovician hardground. Lethaia 22:217–225.

Bowsher, A.L., 1955. Origin and adaptation of platyceratid gastropods. University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions, Mollusca, Article 5, p. 1–11.

Branstrator, J.W., 1975. Podial efficacy of some Ordovician asteroids (Echinodermata) fom North America. Bulletins of American Paleontology 67(287): 57–69.

Branstrator, J. W., 1979. Asteroidea (Echinodermata). United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 1066-F:1–7.

Braun, E.L., 1916. The Cincinnatian Series and its brachiopods in the vicinity of Cincinnati. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 22(1):18–44.

Brower, J.C., 1995. Dendrocrinid crinoids from the Ordovician of northern Iowa and southern Minnesota. Journal of Paleontology 69:939–960.

Brower, J.C., 2002. Cupulocrinus angustatus (Meek and Worthen, 1870), a cladid crinoid from the Upper Ordovician Maquoketa Formation of the northern midcontinent of the United States. Journal of Paleontology 76:109–122.

Brower, J.C., and J. Veinus, 1982. Long-armed cladid inadunates. University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions Monograph 1:129–144.

Brown, G. D., Jr., and E. J. Daly, 1985. Trepostome bryozoa from the Dillsboro Formation (Cincinnatian Series) of southeastern Indiana. Indiana Geological Survey Special Report 33:1–95.

Browne, R. G., 1964. The coral horizons and stratigraphy of the Upper Richmond group in Kentucky west of the Cincinnati Arch. Journal of Paleontology 38:385–392.

Browne, R. G., 1965. Some Upper Cincinnatian (Ordovician) colonial corals of north-central Kentucky. Journal of Paleontology 39:1177–1191.

Butler, K.L., and R.J. Cuffey, 1996. Reduced bryozoan diversity and paleoenvironmental stress in the Saluda Dolomite (uppermost Ordovician, southeastern Indiana). Pp. 55–61 in D.P. Gordon, A.M. Smith, and J.A. Grant-Mackie, Bryozoans in Space and Time. Proceedings of the 10th International Bryozoology Conference. Wellington, New Zealand. National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd., Wellington.

C

Caster, K.E., 1942. Two siphonophores from the Paleozoic. Palaeontographica Americana 3(14):30 p.

Caster, K.E., 1952. Concerning Enoploura of the Upper Ordovician and its relation to other carpoid echinodermata. Bulletins of American Paleontology 34(141):1–56.

Caster, K.E., and E.N. Kjellesvig-Waering, 1964. Upper Ordovician eurypterids of Ohio. 4(32):301–342.

Caster, K.E., and W.B. Macke, 1952. An aglaspid merostome from the Upper Ordovician of Ohio. Journal of Paleontology 26:753–757.

Cocks, L.R.M., and J.-Y. Rong, 1989. Classification and review of the brachiopod superfamily Plectambonitacea. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Geology) 45:77–163.

Copper, P., 1977. Zygospira and some related Ordovician and Silurian atrypoid brachiopods. Palaeontology 20:295–335.

Cross, A.T., R.E. Taggart, and W.H. Gillespie, 1996. The fossil plants of Ohio: Introduction, overview, and nonvascular plants. In R.M. Feldman and M. Hackathorn (eds.), Fossils of Ohio. Ohio Division of Geological Survey Bulletin 70, p. 370–395.

D

Dattilo, B.F., 1996. A quantitative paleoecological approach to high-resolution cyclic and event stratigraphy: the Upper Ordovician Miamitown Shale in the type Cincinnatian. Lethaia 28:21–37.

Davis, R.A., and R.J. Cuffey, eds., 1998. Sampling the layer cake that isn't: the stratigraphy and paleontology of the type-Cincinnatian. Ohio Division of Geological Survey Guidebook No. 13, 194 p.

Davis, R.A., and R.H. Mapes, 1996. Phylum Mollusca, Class Cephalopoda. In R.M. Feldman and M. Hackathorn (eds.), Fossils of Ohio. Ohio Division of Geological Survey Bulletin 70, p. 166–195.

Dalvé, E., 1948. The fossil fauna of the Ordovician in the Cincinnatian region. University Museum, Department of Geology and Geography, University of Cincinnati, 56 p.

Dixon, O.A., T.E. Bolton, and P. Copper, 1986. Ellisites, an Upper Ordovician heliolitid coral intermediate between coccoserids and proporids. Palaeontology 29:391–413.

Donovan, S.K., J.W. Kallmeyer, and C.J. Veltkamp, 1995. Functional morphologies of the columns of Upper Ordovician Xenocrinus and Dendrocrinus. Lethaia 28:309–315.

Dunlop, J.A., and P.A. Seldon, 1997. The early history and phylogeny of the chelicerates. In R.A. Fortey and R.H. Thomas, eds., Arthropod Relationships. Systematics Association Special Volume Series 55:237–245.

Dyche, D.T.D., 1892. Remarks on the stems and roots of crinoids near Lebanon, Ohio. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 15(2):101.

E

Elias, M.K., 1954. Cambroporella and Coeloclema, Lower Cambrian and Ordovician bryozoans. Journal of Paleontology 28:52–58.

Elias, R. J., 1983. Middle and Upper Ordovician solitary rugose corals of the Cincinnati Arch region. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 1066-N:1–13.

Erickson, J.M., and T.D. Bouchard, 2003. Description and interpretation of Sanctum laurentiensis, new ichnogenus and ichnospecies, a domichnium mined into Late Ordovician (Cincinnatian) ramose bryozoan colonies. Journal of Paleontology 77:1002–1010.

Eriksson, M., 2001. Ordovician scolecodonts (Annelida; Polychaeta) of North America; Past, present, and future research. 34th annual meeting of the American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists, Program with Abstracts.

Eriksson, M., 2001. Upper Ordovician scolecodonts from the type Cincinnatian in North America. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Program 33:A307.

Eriksson, M., and C.F. Bergman, 1998. Scolecodont systematics exemplified by the polychaete Hadoprion cervicornis (Hinde, 1879). Journal of Paleontology 72:477–485.

Eriksson, M. and C.F. Bergman, 2003. Late Ordovician jawed polychaete faunas of the type Cincinnatian region, U.S.A. Journal of Paleontology 77:509–523.

F

Flower, R.H., 1939. Structure and taxonomic position of Troedssonoceras Foerste. Journal of Paleontology 13:481–484.

Flower, R.H., 1943. Structure and relationship of Cincinnatian Cyrtocerina. Ohio Journal of Science 43:51–64.

Flower, R.H., 1946. Ordovician cephalopods of the Cincinnati region, part I. Bulletins of American Paleontology 29(116):1–751.

Foerste, A.F., 1909. Preliminary notes on Cincinnatian fossils. Denison University Science Laboratories Bulletin 14:209–233.

Foerste, A.F., 1909. Preliminary notes on Cincinnatian and Lexington fossils. Denison University Science Laboratories Bulletin 14:289–334.

Foerste, A.F., 1910. Preliminary notes on Cincinnatian and Lexington fossils of Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky, and Tennessee. Denison University Science Laboratories Bulletin 16:17–87.

Foerste, A.F., 1916. Notes on Cincinnatian fossil types. Denison University Science Laboratories Bulletin 18:285–355.

Foerste, A.F., 1917. Notes on Richmond and related fossils. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 22(2):42–55.

Foerste, A.F., 1917. Notes on Silurian fossils from Ohio and other central states. Ohio Journal of Science 17:233–267.

Foerste, A. F. 1920. The Kimmswick and Plattin limestones of northeastern Missouri. Bulletin of the Scientific Laboratories of Denison University 19:175–224.

Foerste, A.F., 1920. The generic relations of the American Ordovician Lichadidae. American Journal of Science 49:26–50.

Foerste, A.F., 1924. Notes on American Paleozoic cephalopods. Denison University Science Laboratories Bulletin 20:193–268.

Foerste, A.F., and C. Teichert, 1930. The actinoceroids of east-central North America. Denison University Science Laboratories Bulletin 25:201–296.

Frey, R.C., 1980. Vanuxemia waynesvillensis, a new species of cyrtodontid pelecypod from the Upper Ordovician of southwest Ohio. Journal of Paleontology 54: 740–744.

Frey, R.C., 1981. Narthecoceras (Cephalopoda) from the Upper Ordovician (Richmondian) of southwest Ohio. Journal of Paleontology 55:1217–1224.

Frey, R.C., 1985. A well-preserved specimen of Schuchertoceras (Cephalopoda, Ascocerida) from the Upper Ordovician (basal Richmondian) of southwest Ohio. Journal of Paleontology 59:1506–1511l.

Frey, R.C., 1987. The occurrence of pelecypods in early Paleozoic epeiric-sea environments, Late Ordovician of the Cincinnati, Ohio area. Palaios 2:3–23.

Frey, R.C., 1989. Paleoecology of a well-preserved nautiloid assemblage from a Upper Ordovician shale unit, southwestern Ohio. Journal of Paleontology 63:604–620.

Frey, R.C., 1995. Middle and Upper Ordovician nautiloid cephalopods of the Cincinnati Arch region of Kentucky, Indiana, and Ohio. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1066-P, 126 p.

G

Glass, A., 2006. Pyritized tube feet in a protasterid ophiuroid from the Upper Ordovician of Kentucky, U.S.A. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 51:171–184.

Goldman, D., and C.E. Mitchell, 1991. Revision of the Upper Ordovician graptolite Diplograptus (Amplexograptus) recurrens richmondensis Ruedemann. Journal of Paleontology 65:1016–1017

Grahn, Y., and S.M. Bergström, 1985. Chitinozoans from the Ordovician-Silurian boundary beds in the eastern Cincinnati region in Ohio and Kentucky. Ohio Journal of Science 85:175–183.

Grinnell, G.B., 1877. Notice of a new genus of annelids from the Lower Silurian. American Journal of Science, series 3, 14:229–230.

H

Hall, D.D., 1962. Dalmanellidae of the Cincinnatian. Palaeontographica Americana 4:131–165.

Hall, J., 1847. Descriptions of the organic remains of the lower division of the New York System. New York State Geological Survey, Palaeontology of New York, volume 1, 338 p.

Hannibal, J.T., 1996. Ichnofossils. In R.M. Feldman and M. Hackathorn (eds.), Fossils of Ohio. Ohio Division of Geological Survey Bulletin 70, p. 506–529.

Hickey, D.R., 1988. Bryozoan astogeny and evolutionary novelties: their role in the origin and systematics of the Ordovician monticuliporid trepostome genus Peronopora. Journal of Paleontology 62:180–203.

Hinde, G.J., 1879. On annelid jaw from the Cambro-Silurian, Silurian, and Devonian formations in Canada and from the Lower Carboniferous in Scotland. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 35:370–389.

Hoare, R.D., and B.B. Miller, 1996a. Phylum Mollusca, Class Pelecypoda. In R.M. Feldman and M. Hackathorn (eds.), Fossils of Ohio. Ohio Division of Geological Survey Bulletin 70, p. 136–150.

Hoare, R.D., and B.B. Miller, 1996b. Phylum Mollusca, Class Gastropoda. In R.M. Feldman and M. Hackathorn (eds.), Fossils of Ohio. Ohio Division of Geological Survey Bulletin 70, p. 151–165.

Holloway, D.J., and A.T. Thomas, 2002. Hoplolichoides, Allolichas, Autoloxolichas and Akantharges, and the classification of lichid trilobites. Geobios 35:111–125.

Hotchkiss, F.H.C., 1970. North American Ordovician ophiuroidea; the genus Taeniaster Billings, 1858 (Protasteridae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 83(5):59–76.

Howe, H. J., 1979. Middle and Upper Ordovician plectambonitacean, rhynchonellacean, syntrophiacean, trimerellacean, and atrypacean brachiopods. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 1066-C:1–18.

J

James, C., 1940. Species of Tetradium in the Cincinnati Series. American Midland Naturalist 24:645–646.

James, J.F., 1884. Fucoids of the Cincinnati Group. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 7(3):124–132.

James, J.F., 1885. Fucoids of the Cincinnati Group. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 7(4):151–166.

James, J.F., 1885. Remarks on Ormathichnus and Walcottia. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 8(3):160–162.

James, J.F., 1885. Remarks on Lepidolites, Anomaloides, Ischadites and Receptaculites. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 8(3):163–166.

James, J.F., 1886. Cephalopoda of the Cincinnati Group. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 8(4):235–253.

James, J.F., 1889. Remarks upon sedimentation in the Cincinnati Group. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 12(1):34–36.

James, J.F., 1892. Manual of the paleontology of the Cincinnati Group (Part III). Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 15(2):88–100. [stromatoporoids, corals]

James, J.F., 1893. Manual of the paleontology of the Cincinnati Group (Part IV). Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 15(3–4):144–159. [corals, bryozoans]

James, J.F., 1894. Manual of the paleontology of the Cincinnati Group (Part V). Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 16(4):178–208. [bryozoans]

James, J.F., 1895. Manual of the paleontology of the Cincinnati Group (Part VI). Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 18(1–2):67–88. [bryozoans]

James, J.F., 1896. Manual of the paleontology of the Cincinnati Group (Part VII). Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 18(3–4):115–140. [bryozoans, asteroids, ophiuroids]

James, J.F., 1897. Manual of the paleontology of the Cincinnati Group (Part VIII). Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 19(3):99–118. [crinoids]

James, U.P., 1883. Descriptions of fossils from the Cincinnati Group. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 6(4):235–236.

James, U.P., 1884. Description of three species of fossils. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 7(1):20–24.

James, U.P., 1884. Descriptions of four new species of fossils from the Cincinnati Group. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 7(3):137–140.

James, U.P., 1884. On conodonts and fossil annelid jaws. Cincinnati Society of Natural History 7:143–149.

James, U.P., 1885. Glyptocrinus baeri Meek. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 8(1):71.

James, U.P., and J.F. James, 1888. On the monticuliporoid corals of the Cincinnati Group, with a critical revision of the species. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 10(4):158–184.

James, U.P., and J.F. James, 1888. On the monticuliporoid corals of the Cincinnati Group, with a critical revision of the species. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 11(1):15–47.

Jansonius, J., and J.H. Craig, 1971. Scolecodonts: I. Descriptive terminology and revision of systematic nomenclature; II. Lectotypes, new names for homonyms, index of species. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology 19:251–302.

Jillson, W.R., 1953. Brachiospongia minimus, a new species of digiate sponge from the upper Eden Shale of northern Robertson County, Kentucky. Roberts Printing Co., Frankfort, Kentucky, 14 p.

Jillson, W.R., 1961. Brachiospongia bifurcata. A new species of digitate sponge from the upper Middle Ordovician of Franklin County, Kentucky. Perry Publishing Co., Frankfort, Kentucky, 10 p.

Jin, J., 2012. Cincinnetina, a new Late Ordovician dalmanellid brachiopod from the Cincinnati type area, USA: Implications for the evolution and palaeogeography of the epicontinental fauna of Laurentia. Palaeontology 55:205–228.

Jin, J., and R. Zhan, 2000. Evolution of the late Ordovician orthid brachiopod Gnamptorhynchos Jin, 1989, from Platystrophia King, 1850, in North America. Journal of Paleontology 74:983–991.

Jin, J., and D.A.T. Harper, 2015. Occurrences of the cool-water dalmanelloid brachiopod Heterorthina in the Upper Ordovician of North America. Papers in Palaeontology 1:237–253.

K

Kallmeyer, J.W., and W.I. Ausich, 2016. Deepwater occurrence of a new Glyptocrinus (Crinoidea, Camerata) from the Late Ordovician of southwestern Ohio and northern Kentucky: revision of crinoid paleocommunity composition. Journal of Paleontology 89:1068–1075.

Kallmeyer, J.W., and S.K. Donovan, 1998. Tenuicrinus longibasalis, a new disparid in the subfamily Cincinnaticrinidae, Upper Ordovician, Edenian, North Central Kentucky. Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences 20:28–38.

Karklins, O.L., 1983. Ptilodictyoid cryptostomata bryozoa from the Middle and Upper Ordovician rocks of central Kentucky. Paleontological Society Memoir 14:1–31.

Karklins, O. L., 1984. Trepostome and cystoporate bryozoans from the Lexington Limestone and Clays Ferry Formation (Middle and Upper Ordovician) of Kentucky. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 1066-I:1–105.

Kelly, S.M. and J.K. Pope, 1979. A new camerate crinoid from the Upper Ordovician of Indiana. Journal of Paleontology 53:416–420.

Kesling, R.V., and R.C. Hussey, 1953. A new family and genus ostracod from the Ordovician Bill's Creek shale of Michigan. Michigan University, Museum of Paleontology Contributions 11:77–95.

Kim, K., H. D. Sheets, and C. E. Mitchell, 2009. Geographic and stratigraphic change in the morphology of Triarthrus beckii (Green) (Trilobita): a test of the Plus ca change model of evolution. Lethaia 42(1):108–125.

Kohut, J.J., 1969. Determination, statistical analysis, and interpretation of recurrent conodont groups in Middle and Upper Ordovician strata of the Cincinnati region (Ohio, Kentucky, and Indiana). Journal of Paleontology 43:392–412.

Kohut, J.J., and W.C. Sweet, 1968. The American Upper Ordovician Standard. X. Upper Maysville and Richmond conodonts from the Cincinnati region of Ohio, Indiana, and Kentucky. Journal of Paleontology 42:1456–1477.

L

Ludvigsen, R., 1977. The Ordovician trilobite Ceraurinus Barton in North America. Journal of Paleontology 51:959–972.

Ludvigsen, R., 1979. A trilobite zonation of Middle Ordovician rocks, southwestern District of MacKenzie. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin 312:1–99.

Ludvigsen, R., and B.D.E. Chatterton, 1982. Ordovician Pterygometopidae (Trilobita) of North America. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 19:2179–2206.

Ludvigsen R., and P. A. Tuffnell. 1983. A revision of the Ordovician olenid trilobite Triarthrus Green. Geological Magazine. 120:567–577

M

Malinky, J.M., 1990. Solenotheca, new Hyolitha (Mollusca) from the Ordovician of North America. Proceedings of The Biological Society of Washington 103:265–278

McEwan, E.D., 1919. A study of the brachiopod genus Platystrophia. Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum 56(2297):383–448.

Miller, S.A., 1882. Description of two new genera and eight new species of fossils from the Hudson River Group, with remarks upon others. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 5(1):34–44.

Miller, S.A., and C.L. Faber, 1894. Description of some Cincinnati fossils. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 17(3):137–158.

Mitchell, C. E., and S. M. Bergström, 1991. New graptolite and lithostratigraphic evidence from the Cincinnati region, U.S.A., for the definition and correlation of the base of the Cincinnati Series (Upper Ordovician). Geological Survey of Canada Paper 90–9:59–75.

Miller, S.A., 1879. Description of twelve new fossil species, and remarks upon others. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 2(2):104–118.

Miller, S.A., 1881. Description of new species of fossils. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 4(3):259–262.

Miller, S.A., 1881. Description of new species of fossils from the Hudson River Group, and remarks upon others. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 4(4):316–322.

Miller, S.A., 1882. Description of two new genera and eight new species of fossils from the Hudson River Group, with remarks upon others. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 5(1):34–44.

Miller, S.A., 1882. Description of ten new species of fossils. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 5(2):79–88.

Miller, S.A., 1882. Description of three new species and remarks upon others. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 5(3):116–117.

Miller, S.A., 1882. Description of three new orders and four new families, in the class Echinodermata, and eight new species from the Silurian and Devonian formations. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 5(4):221–231.

Miller, S.A., 1883. Glyptocrinus redefined and restricted, Gaurocrinus, Pycnocrinus and Compsocrinus established, and two new species described. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 6(4):217–234.

Miller, S.A., 1884. Description of a beautiful star fish and other fossils. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 7(1):16–20.

Miller, S.A. 1889. North American geology and palaeontology for the use of amateurs, students and scientists, 664 p.

Miller, S.A., and C. Faber, 1892. Some new species and new structural parts of fossils. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 15(2):79–87.

Miller, S.A., and C.L. Faber, 1894. New species of fossils from the Hudson River Group, and remarks upon others. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 17(1):22–33.

Mitchell, C.E., M.A. Wilson, and J.M. St. John, 1993. In situ crustoid graptolite colonies from an Upper Ordovician hardground, southwestern Ohio. Journal of Paleontology 67(6):1011–1016.

Morris, R.W., and S.H. Felton, 1993. Symbiotic association of crinoids, platyceratid gastropods, and Cornulites in the Upper Ordovician (Cincinnatian) of the Cincinnati, Ohio region. Palaios 8(5):465–476.

N

Neal, M.L., and J.T. Hannibal, 2000. Paleoecologic and taxonomic implications of Sphenothallus and Sphenothallus-like specimens from Ohio and areas adjacent to Ohio. Journal of Paleontology 74:369–380.

Neuman, R.B., 1967. Some silicified Middle Ordovician brachiopods from Kentucky. US Geological Survey Professional Paper 583-A:1–14.

Nitecki, M.H., 1970. North American cyclocrinitid algae. Fieldiana Geology 21:1–182.

Nickles, J.M., 1902. The geology of Cincinnati. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 20(2):49–100.

Nickles, J.M., 1902. Description of a new bryozoan, "Homotrypa bassleri" n.sp., from the Warren Beds of the Lorraine Group. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 20(2):103–105.

Nickles, J.M., and R.S. Bassler, 1900. Synopsis of American fossil bryozoa. U.S Geological Survey Bulletin 173:1–696.

O

Owens, R.M., 1973. British Ordovician and Silurian Proetidae (Trilobita): Palaeontological Society Monograph. Publication No. 535. 98 p.

Owens, R.M., 1973. Ordovician proetidae (Trilobita) from Scandinavia. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 53:117–181.

P

Pachut, J.F., and R.L. Anstey, 2002. Phylogeny, systematics, and biostratigraphy of the Ordovician bryozoan genus Peronopora. Journal of Paleontology 76:607–637.

Palmer, T.J., and Wilson, M.A., 1988. Parasitism of Ordovician bryozoans and the origin of pseudoborings. Palaeontology 31:939–949.

Parsley, R.L., 1981. Echinoderms from Middle and Upper Ordovician rocks of Kentucky. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1066-K, 9 p.

Phillips, J.R.P., 1960. Restudy of types of seven Ordovician bifoliate bryozoa. Palaeontology 3:1–25.

Pohowsky, R.A., 1978. The boring ctenostomate bryozoa: taxonomy and paleobiology based on cavities in calcareous substrata. Bulletins of American Paleontology 73(301):192 p.

Pojeta, J., Jr., 1962. The pelecypod genus Byssonychia as it occurs in the Cincinnatian at Cincinnati, Ohio. Palaeontographica Americana 4:169–216.

Pojeta, J., Jr., 1966. North American Ambonychiidae (Pelecypoda). Palaeontographica Americana 5:132–241.

Pojeta, J., Jr., 1971. Review of Ordovician pelecypods. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 695:1–46.

Pojeta, J., Jr., 1997. Claudeonychia babini nov. gen. et nov. sp. of Ordovician ambonychiid pelecypods from Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. Geobios 20(supplement 1):433–436.

Pojeta, J., Jr., and B. Runnegar. 1976. The paleontology of rostroconch mollusks and the early history of the phylum Mollusca. USGS Professional Paper 968:1–88.

Pojeta, J., Jr., E.L. Yochelson, and M.D. Brasier. 1978. The origin and early taxonomic diversification of pelecypods (and discussion). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, Biological Sciences 284(1001):225–246.

Pope, J. K., 1982. Some silicified strophomenacean brachiopods from the Ordovician of Kentucky, with comments on the genus Pionomena. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 1066-L:1–30.

Pulse, R.R., and W.C. Sweet, 1960. The American Upper Ordovician standard III. Conodonts from the Fairview and McMillan Formations of Ohio, Kentucky and Indiana. Journal of Paleontology 34:237–264.

R

Rigby, 1966. Microstructure and classification of an Ordovician sponge, Dystactospongia madisonensis Foerste. Journal of Paleontology 40:1127–1130.

Rigby, J.K., 1970. Brachiospongia tuberculata James from the Ordovician of central Ontario. Journal of Paleontology 44:1139–1142.

Rigby, J.K., 1996. Phylum Porifera, sponges. In R.M. Feldman and M. Hackathorn (eds.), Fossils of Ohio. Ohio Division of Geological Survey Bulletin 70, p. 51–63.

Rong, J.Y., and L.R.M. Cocks, 1994. True Strophomena and a revision of the classification and evolution of strophomenoid and 'strophodontid' brachiopods. Palaeontology 37: 651–694.

Ross, J.P., 1960. Re-evaluation of the type species of Arthropora Ulrich. Journal of Paleontology 34:859–861.

Ross, J.R.P., 1967. Fossil problematica from Upper Ordovician, Ohio. Journal of Paleontology 41:37–42.

Ross, R.J., Jr., 1979. Additional trilobites from the Ordovician of Kentucky. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1066-D, 13 p.

S

Schuchert, C, 1915. Revision of Paleozoic Stelleroidea with special reference to North American Asteroidea. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 88:1–311.

Schwimmer, B.A., and M.R. Sandy, 1996. Phylum Brachiopoda. In R.M. Feldman and M. Hackathorn (eds.), Fossils of Ohio. Ohio Division of Geological Survey Bulletin 70:210–241.

Shackleton, J.D., 2005. Skeletal homologies, phylogeny and classification of the earliest asterozoan echinoderms. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 3:29–114.

Shaw, F.C., and P.J. Lesperance, 1994. North American biogeography and taxonomy of Cryptolithus (Trilobita, Ordovician). Journal of Paleontology 68:808–823.

Singh, R.J., 1979. Trepostomatous bryozoan fauna from the Bellevue Limestone, Upper Ordovician, in the tri-state area of Ohio, Indiana, and Kentucky. Bulletins of American Paleontology 76(307):288 p.

Smith, A.B., and C.R.C. Paul, 1982. Revision of the class Cyclocystoidea (Echindermata). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B 296:577–684.

Smith, A.B., and M.A. Wilson, 1995. A new cyclocystoid (echinodermata) from the Late Ordovician of Kentucky, U.S.A. Journal of Paleontology 69:1186–1187.

Smith, A.J., and J.R. Tillman, 1996. Phylum Arthropoda, Class Crustacea, Subclass Ostracoda. In R.M. Feldman and M. Hackathorn (eds.), Fossils of Ohio. Ohio Division of Geological Survey Bulletin 70, p. 114–123.

Simmons, G. C., and W. A. Oliver, Jr., 1967. Otter Creek Coral Bed and its fauna, east-central Kentucky. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1244-F:1–13.

Spencer, W.K., and C.W. Wright, 1966. Asterozoans. In R.C. Moore, ed., Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part U, Echinodermata 3. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, p. 4–107.

Spjeldnaes, N., 1963. A redescription of the type species of the bryozoan genus Crepipora. Journal of Paleontology 37:64–68.

Sumrall, C.D., and G.A. Schumacher, 2002. Cheirocystis fultonensis, a new glyptocystitoid rhombiferan from the Upper Ordovician of the Cincinnati Arch - comments on cheirocrinid ontogeny. Journal of Paleontology 76:843–851.

Sweet, W. C., 1979. Conodonts and conodont biostratigraphy of post-Tyrone Ordovician rocks of the Cincinnati region. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 1066-G:1–26.

Sweet, W.C., 1979. Late Ordovician conodonts and biostratigraphy of the Western Midcontinent Province. Brigham Young University Geology Studies 26:45–85.

Sweet, W. C., 1976. Mohawkian and Cincinnatian chronostratigraphy. Bulletin New York State Museum 462:84–90.

Sweet, W.C., 1996. Phylum Conodonta. In R.M. Feldman and M. Hackathorn (eds.), Fossils of Ohio. Ohio Division of Geological Survey Bulletin 70, p. 262–269.

Sweet, W.C., C.A. Turco, E. Warner, Jr., and L.C. Wilkie, 1959. The American Upper Ordovician standard. I. Eden conodonts from the Cincinnati region of Ohio and Kentucky. Journal of Paleontology 33:1029–1068.

T

Taylor, P.D., and M.A. Wilson, 1994. Corynotrypa from the Ordovician of North America: colony growth in a primitive stenolaemate bryozoan. Journal of Paleontology 68:241–256.

Taylor, P.D., and M.A. Wilson, 1996. Cuffeyella, a new bryozoan genus from the Late Ordovician of North America, and its bearing on the origin of the post-Paleozoic cyclostomates. In D.P. Gordon, A.M. Smith, and J.A. Grant-Mackie, eds., Bryozoans in Time and Space, Proceedings of the 10th International Bryozoology Converence, Wellington, New Zealand, 1995. National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Rsearch Ltd., Wellington, p. 351–360.

Thomas, A.T., and D.J. Holloway, 1988. Classification and phylogeny of the trilobite order Lichida. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, B, 321(1205):179–262.

Thompson, E. H., 1970. Morphology and taxonomy of Cyclonema Hall (Gastropoda), Upper Ordovician, Cincinnatian Province. Bulletins of American Paleontology 58:219–284.

U

Ulrich, E.O., 1878. Observations on fossil annelids, and descriptions of some new forms. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 1(2):87–91.

Ulrich, E.O., 1882. American Paleozoic bryozoa. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 5(3):121–175.

Ulrich, E.O., 1882. Descriptions of two new species of crinoids. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 5(3):175–177.

Ulrich, E.O., 1882. American Paleozoic bryozoa. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 5(4):232–257.

Ulrich, E.O., 1883. American Paleozoic bryozoa. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 6(1):82–92.

Ulrich, E.O., 1883. American Paleozoic bryozoa. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 6(2):148–168.

Ulrich, E.O., 1883. American Paleozoic bryozoa. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 6(4):245–279.

Ulrich, E.O., 1884. American Paleozoic bryozoa. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History 7(1):24–51.

Ulrich, E.O., and W.H. Scofield, 1897. The Lower Silurian gastropoda of Minnesota. Minnesota Geological Survey 3(2):812–1801.

Utgaard, J., 1968. A revision of North American genera of ceramoporoid bryozoans (Ectoprocta)-Part II, Crepipora, Ceramoporella, Acanthoceramoporella, and Ceramophylla. Journal of Paleontology 42:1444–1455.

Utgaard, J., and T.G. Perry, 1964. Trepostomatous bryozoan fauna of the upper part of the Whitewater Formation (Cincinnatian) of eastern Indiana and western Ohio. Indiana Geological Survey Bulletin 33:1–111, plus plates.

V

Van Iten, H., J.A. Fitzke, and R.S. Cox, 1996. Problematical fossil cnidarians from the Upper Ordovician of the north-central USA. Palaeontology 39:1037–1064.

Vinn, O., and M. Motus, 2008. The earliest endosymbiotic mineralized tubeworms from the Silurian of Podolia, Ukraine. Journal of Paleontology 82:409–414.

W

Wagner, P.J., 1997. Patterns of morphologic diversification among the Rostroconchia. Paleobiology 23: 115–150.

Wagner, P.J., 1999. The utility of fossil data in phylogenetic analyses: a likelihood example using Ordovician-Silurian species of the Lophospiridae (Gastropoda: Murchisoniina). American Malacological Bulletin 15: 1–31.

Wagner, P.J. 2011. Paleozoic Gastropod, Rostroconch, Helcionelloid and Tergomyan Database.

Wahlman, G.P., 1992. Middle and Upper Ordovician symmetrical univalved mollusks (Monoplacophora and Bellerophontina) of the Cincinnati Arch region. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1066-O, 213 p.

Walker, L. G., 1982. The brachiopod genera Hebertella, Dalmanella, and Heterorthina from the Ordovician of Kentucky. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 1066-M:1–16.

Warn, J.M., 1973. The Ordovician crinoid Heterocrinus, with reference to brachial variability in H. tenuis. Journal of Paleontology 47:10–18.

Warn, J.M., 1974. Presumed myzostomid infestation of an Ordovician crinoid. Journal of Paleontology 48:506–513.

Warn, J., and H.L. Strimple, 1977. The disparid inadunate superfamilies Homocrinacea and Cincinnaticrinacea (Echinodermata: Crinoidea), Ordovician-Silurian, North America. Bulletins of American Paleontology 72(296):138 p.

Warshauer, S. M., 1981. Cincinnaticoncha, Pseudoprimitiella, and Edenopsis: New generic names for Ordovician ostracodes. Journal of Paleontology 55:885–893.

Warshauer, S. M., and J. M. Berdan, 1982. Palaeocopid and podocopid Ostracoda from the Lexington Limestone and Clays Ferry Formation (Middle and Upper Ordovician) of central Kentucky. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 1066-H:1–80.

Welch, J.R., 1976. Phosphannulus on Paleozoic crinoid stems. Journal of Paleontology 50:218–225.

Whittington, H., 1956. Type and other species of Odontopleuridae (Trilobita). Journal of Paleontology 30:504–520.

Whittington, H., 1965. Platycoryphe, an Ordovician homalonotid trilobite. Journal of Paleontology 39:487–491.

Whittington, H., 1968. Cryptolithus (Trilobita): specific characters and occurrence in Ordovician of eastern North America. Journal of Paleontology 42:702–714.

Wilson, M.A. and T.J. Palmer, 1988. Nomenclature of a bivalve boring from the Upper Ordovician of the midwestern United States. Journal of Paleontology 62:306–308.

Winchell and C. Schuchert, 1895. Natural History of Minnesota, Geology, Volume 3, pt. 1, Paleontology.

Wright, D.F., and A.L. Stigall, 2013. Phylogenetic revision of the Late Ordovician orthid brachiopod genera Plaesiomys and Hebertella from Laurentia. Journal of Paleontology 87:1107–1128.

Y

Yochelson, E.L., 2004. The record of early “Scaphopoda” (?Mollusca) reevaluated. Annalen des Naturhistorisches Museums in Wien 106A:13–31.